Isolated perfusion of the limb with high-dose tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and melphalan for melanoma stage III. Results of a multi-centre pilot study

We report an update of a multi-centre pilot study previously published. Fifty-three patients (42 women, 11 men) were accrued between October 1988 and May 1992: 34 had stage IIIA, 15 had stage IIIAB, and four had stage IV melanoma. Most of them had more than five in-transit metastases; 50% had been previously treated by regional chemotherapy. Protocol included 90-min isolation perfusion at 40°C with 2-4 mg rTNF-α, 0.2 mg rIFN-γ and 10/13 mg/l melphalan. We prevented severe TNF systemic side effects by administration of dopamine and fluid loading. There has been no toxic death and the toxicity remained acceptable, with only one multi-organ failure (MOF) and no prolonged shock. Response rates remained very high, with 90% complete remission, 10% partial response and no failure. With a median follow-up time of 26 months, there were 12 regional recurrences, 15 distant metastases and nine local and distant recurrences. The median overall survival has been 28 months. We conclude that high-dose rTNF-α associated with melphalan in isolation perfusion is the therapy of choice for in-transit melanoma metastases.