Wnt control of stem cells and differentiation in the intestinal epithelium

Daniel Pinto, Hans Clevers

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

238 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The intestinal epithelium represents a very attractive experimental model for the study of integrated key cellular processes such as proliferation and differentiation. The tissue is subjected to a rapid and perpetual self-renewal along the crypt-villus axis. Renewal requires division of multipotent stem cells, still to be morphologically identified and isolated, followed by transit amplification, and differentiation of daughter cells into specialized absorptive and secretory cells. Our understanding of the crucial role played by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in controlling the fine balance between cell proliferation and differentiation in the gut has been significantly enhanced in recent years. Mutations in some of its components irreversibly lead to carcinogenesis in humans and in mice. Here, we discuss recent advances related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in regulating intestinal stem cells, homeostasis, and cancer. We emphasize how Wnt signaling is able to maintain a stem cell/progenitor phenotype in normal intestinal crypts, and to impose a very similar phenotype onto colorectal adenomas.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)357-363
Number of pages7
JournalExperimental Cell Research
Volume306
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 10 Jun 2005
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Colorectal cancer
  • Crypt-villus axis
  • Intestinal epithelium
  • Stem cells
  • Wnt/β-catenin signaling

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