@article{457c2bf78b5d4d6bb806b4bf0650ebbb,
title = "An endometrial gene expression signature accurately predicts recurrent implantation failure after IVF",
abstract = "The primary limiting factor for effective IVF treatment is successful embryo implantation. Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a condition whereby couples fail to achieve pregnancy despite consecutive embryo transfers. Here we describe the collection of gene expression profiles from mid-luteal phase endometrial biopsies (n = 115) from women experiencing RIF and healthy controls. Using a signature discovery set (n = 81) we identify a signature containing 303 genes predictive of RIF. Independent validation in 34 samples shows that the gene signature predicts RIF with 100% positive predictive value (PPV). The strength of the RIF associated expression signature also stratifies RIF patients into distinct groups with different subsequent implantation success rates. Exploration of the expression changes suggests that RIF is primarily associated with reduced cellular proliferation. The gene signature will be of value in counselling and guiding further treatment of women who fail to conceive upon IVF and suggests new avenues for developing intervention.",
author = "Koot, {Yvonne E.M.} and {Van Hooff}, {Sander R.} and Boomsma, {Carolien M.} and {Van Leenen}, Dik and Koerkamp, {Marian J.A.Groot} and Mari{\"e}tte Goddijn and Eijkemans, {Marinus J.C.} and Fauser, {Bart C.J.M.} and Holstege, {Frank C.P.} and Macklon, {Nick S.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would first like to thank the patients who were willing to participate in this study, without whom this study wouldn{\textquoteright}t have been possible. Furthermore we thank our colleagues from Meander Medical Center Amersfoort and Diakonessenhuis Utrecht for their help in including patients in the first cohort of the study, and our colleagues, especially Tessa de Vries in the AMC for their help in including patients in the second cohort. The research was funded by the University Medical Center Utrecht (first cohort) and a GFI grant from Merck Serono (second cohort). Funding Information: Competing financial interests: BCJM Fauser has received fees and grant support from the following companies: Organon, Schering Plough, Merck Serono, Ferring, Wyeth, Ardana, Andromed, Pantharei Bioscience and PregLem. NS Macklon has received fees and grant support from the following companies: Organon, Schering Plough, MSD, Anecova, IBSA, Merck Serono and Ferring. The other authors declare no competing financial interests.",
year = "2016",
month = jan,
day = "22",
doi = "10.1038/srep19411",
language = "English",
volume = "6",
journal = "Scientific Reports",
issn = "2045-2322",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
}