Barriers and facilitators to implementing an online psychological intervention for adolescent and young adult cancer survivors in a community setting

Purpose: To respond to the psychological needs of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors, we developed and evaluated a theoretically grounded online intervention to teach adaptive coping skills to promote resilience in early survivorship: ‘Recapture Life’. This qualitative study aimed to evaluate the process of implementing Recapture Life into community organisations, after having been initially developed in an academic setting. Methods: The study duration was 2017–2022. Eighteen community staff members were interviewed before the implementation (T0) and nine of them after the implementation (T1). A qualitative data process evaluation using the Proctor model for implementation was completed. Interviews were thematically analysed and mapped to four key domains: acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, and sustainability. Results: Major facilitators included the training provided to staff before implementation, support from the community organisation, and the culture within the organisation, as well as the communication between the university/hospital and the community organisation/s. Major barriers included staff turnover and recruitment of participants. Most, but not all, of the potential barriers and facilitators mentioned at T0 were confirmed at T1. The COVID-19 pandemic was considered both a barrier and a facilitator. Additionally, this category did not fit into the Proctor framework, as it cut across all outcomes. Conclusion: We identified several processes critical to supporting the success of an AYA cancer intervention delivery. This study highlights the potential for psychological programs to be delivered online by skilled and well-trained psychosocial staff in community and not-for-profit settings. Trial registration The study was registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN126240013995830) November 26th, 2024 (retrospectively registered).