TY - JOUR
T1 - EANM-EORTC general recommendations for sentinel node diagnostics in melanoma
AU - Chakera, Annette H.
AU - Hesse, Birger
AU - Burak, Zeynep
AU - Ballinger, James R.
AU - Britten, Allan
AU - Caracò, Corrado
AU - Cochran, Alistair J.
AU - Cook, Martin G.
AU - Drzewiecki, Krzysztof T.
AU - Essner, Richard
AU - Even-Sapir, Einat
AU - Eggermont, Alexander M.M.
AU - Gmeiner Stopar, Tanja
AU - Ingvar, Christian
AU - Mihm, Martin C.
AU - McCarthy, Stanley W.
AU - Mozzillo, Nicola
AU - Nieweg, Omgo E.
AU - Scolyer, Richard A.
AU - Starz, Hans
AU - Thompson, John F.
AU - Trifirò, Giuseppe
AU - Viale, Giuseppe
AU - Vidal-Sicart, Sergi
AU - Uren, Roger
AU - Waddington, Wendy
AU - Chiti, Arturo
AU - Spatz, Alain
AU - Testori, Alessandro
N1 - Funding Information:
Conventional microscopy may fail to detect melanoma in SNs of patients with limited and occult tumour burden. This argues for more extensive nodal sampling [148] and/or approaches such as reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) [141]. The possibility that RT-PCR might identify melanoma cells in SNs with no histological or immunohistological evidence of tumour has attracted considerable interest. However, there is currently no compelling reason to abandon microscopy and analyze SN exclusively by RT-PCR. The techniques commonly used to extract mRNA for evaluation by RT-PCR destroy the tissue and prohibit identification of the specific cell from which the enhanced signal was derived. A molecular signal for a melanoma-associated marker might also derive from capsular and trabecular nevocytes, Schwann cells of intranodal nerves or macrophages that have ingested melanosomes or other organelles from melanoma cells. Concerns have been expressed that overinterpretation of RT-PCR results carries the risk of overtreatment [162]. The efficacy and clinical relevance of molecular analysis of SN are being studied in the second Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial (MSLT-II) sponsored by the National Cancer Institute in the United States (Principal Investigator: Donald L. Morton, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA; Clinical Trials Identifier NCT00389571).
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - The accurate diagnosis of a sentinel node in melanoma includes a sequence of procedures from different medical specialities (nuclear medicine, surgery, oncology, and pathology). The items covered are presented in 11 sections and a reference list: (1) definition of a sentinel node, (2) clinical indications, (3) radiopharmaceuticals and activity injected, (4) dosimetry, (5) injection technique, (6) image acquisition and interpretation, (7) report and display, (8) use of dye, (9) gamma probe detection, (10) surgical techniques in sentinel node biopsy, and (11) pathological evaluation of melanoma-draining sentinel lymph nodes. If specific recommendations given cannot be based on evidence from original, scientific studies, referral is given to "general consensus" and similar expressions. The recommendations are designed to assist in the practice of referral to, performance, interpretation and reporting of all steps of the sentinel node procedure in the hope of setting state-of-the-art standards for good-quality evaluation of possible spread to the lymphatic system in intermediate-to-high risk melanoma without clinical signs of dissemination.
AB - The accurate diagnosis of a sentinel node in melanoma includes a sequence of procedures from different medical specialities (nuclear medicine, surgery, oncology, and pathology). The items covered are presented in 11 sections and a reference list: (1) definition of a sentinel node, (2) clinical indications, (3) radiopharmaceuticals and activity injected, (4) dosimetry, (5) injection technique, (6) image acquisition and interpretation, (7) report and display, (8) use of dye, (9) gamma probe detection, (10) surgical techniques in sentinel node biopsy, and (11) pathological evaluation of melanoma-draining sentinel lymph nodes. If specific recommendations given cannot be based on evidence from original, scientific studies, referral is given to "general consensus" and similar expressions. The recommendations are designed to assist in the practice of referral to, performance, interpretation and reporting of all steps of the sentinel node procedure in the hope of setting state-of-the-art standards for good-quality evaluation of possible spread to the lymphatic system in intermediate-to-high risk melanoma without clinical signs of dissemination.
KW - Blue dye
KW - Gamma probe
KW - Lymphoscintigraphy
KW - Melanoma
KW - Pathology
KW - Sentinel node
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=70350545711&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00259-009-1228-4
DO - 10.1007/s00259-009-1228-4
M3 - Review article
C2 - 19714329
AN - SCOPUS:70350545711
SN - 1619-7070
VL - 36
SP - 1713
EP - 1742
JO - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
JF - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
IS - 10
ER -