Ontwikkeling, validatie en toepassing van inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry voor de bepaling van platina in veegproeven

Objective: Development, validation, and application of a wipe sampling assay for the evaluation of surface contamination by platinum originating from platinum-containing cytotoxic agents. Platinum-containing cytotoxic agents play a major role in the treatment of a variety of tumours. As a result, large amounts of these agents are processed in hospital pharmacies. Surface contamination with platinum-containing agents can be assessed by use of wipe sampling. Design and methods: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine platinum in wipe samples. The sampling procedure consisted of surface sampling, followed by extraction and filtration of the samples. The method was applied to measure surface contamination in seven Dutch hospital pharmacies. Results: During method development, it was shown that the surface material, the tissue material, the extraction fluid, and the wiping fluid all affect the recovery of platinum from the surface. The developed method allowed reproducible quantification of 5 pg platinum per wipe sample (0.05 pg platinum per cm²). The measurement of surface contamination in seven Dutch hospital pharmacies showed platinum contamination in 88% of the wipe samples. Conclusion: A well designed method optimisation and validation procedure is inevitable for the development of a surface sampling method. We developed and validated an ultrasensitive and reliable ICP-MS method for the determination of platinum in surface samples. The method can be applied to check and evaluate surface contamination with platinum-containing cytotoxic agents. The results of surface sampling can help in the assessment of exposure routes and the evaluation of working- and cleaning procedures.