Röntgenfoto's van mediale clavicula-uiteinden volgens de methode van de immigratie- en naturalisatiedienst: Ongeschikt voor de bepaling van meerderjarigheid

Objective. A critical examination of the radiological technique used by the Dutch Immigration and Naturalisation Service (IND) for determining the adulthood of persons around the age of 18. Design. Descriptive. Method. Radiographs of the hands and clavicles were reassessed in 29 asylum seekers (15 boys, 9 girls and 5 persons of unknown gender) in whom the IND suspected a discrepancy between the true age and the age stated. In each case, I hand radiograph and 3 clavicular views were taken: I posteroanterior standard view as well as 2 oblique views, in order to assess the epiphyses at the medial ends of the clavicles. Additionally, the radiographs of one of these subjects were shown to 241 radiologists and radiologists-in-training. Results. On all the hand X-rays, the epiphyses were closed. Based on this, the skeletal age of the girls was at least 15 years and II months and that of the boys at least 17 years and 3 months. The medial ends of the clavicles could not be assessed on the standard views due to overprojection of the spinal column. In 55 of the 58 films in which the thorax was turned, the direction of the X-rays was not appropriate for assessing the growth plates. The other 3 could not be assessed as there were no existing objective radiological criteria. The assessments of the stage of development as an indication of skeletal age in the cases presented differed greatly from one another. Conclusion. The radiographs that were taken to establish whether or not the asylum seekers were underage were unsuitable for the purpose for which they were taken.